Table 13 Post-intervention review in the included studies

Code Details
A · Incident report writing following physical restraint use· Debriefing protocol for service users and witnesses
E · Post-use: Prevention of similar situations and identifying additional support needs· Monthly: Review of justification for restraint use and feedback provision· Quarterly: Trend review and provision of clinical guidance
J · Reflection and staff rotation for introducing new perspectives
M · Monthly statistics posting for feedback and enhancing staff morale
R · Reflection (users and staff) and identification of areas for improvement and learning
B, C, D, F, G, H, I, K, L, N, O, P, Q · Not reported