| Data-structure-influenced type | Cases in which PND, IRD, and Tau-U produced different effect-size estimates due to the actual distribution of the data points | Baseline extreme values; overlap between baseline and intervention data points; variability within the intervention phase; coexistence of data points in the improvement and non-improvement directions | 9 |
| Classification-criterion boundary type | Cases in which effect-size estimates were identical or similar, but the effect-level classifications differed because the classification criteria varied across Indicators | Effect-size estimates were similar, but the four-level or three-level classification criteria differed across Indicators | 8 |