Table 4 Scores of Emotional and Behavior Problems and Gender Differences in Panel Study on Korean Children(PSKC)

		Total			Internalizing Problems			Externalizing Problems
Age/Grade	Instruments	Boys	Girls	t	Boys	Girls	t	Boys	Girls	t
4 years old1)	CBCL 1.5-5	50.05(9.72)	48.54(9.75)	3.17**	50.15(9.38)	49.55(9.80)	1.29	50.51(9.53)	49.55(9.41)	4.87***
5 years old2)	CBCL 1.5-5	23.83(16.86)	20.97(15.77)	2.86**	7.71(6.24)	7.36(6.42)	.84	7.31(5.99)	5.69(5.03)	4.96***
6 years old3)	CBCL 1.5-5	21.10(15.74)	18.99(15.43)	2.20*	6.80(5.89)	6.79(6.23)	-0.13	6.34(5.59)	5.02(4.96)	4.65***
1st grade4)(7 years old)	CBCL 6-18	16.42(14.88)	13.45(12.22)	3.78***	3.81(4.35)	3.67(3.91)	0.19	4.73(4.88)	3.60(3.94)	4.33***
3rd grade5)(9 years old)	CBCL 6-18	48.97(10.74)	46.98(9.40)	3.35**	49.59(9.34)	47.59(8.60)	3.72***	49.78(9.60)	48.22(8.64)	2.90*
5th grade6)(11 years old)	CBCL 6-18	47.38(10.08)	45.94(9.82)	2.53*	48.30(9.12)	47.23(8.68)	2.11*	48.32(9.32)	47.42(8.79)	1.73

T scores, source: Do et al. (2013), p. 88.
Raw scores, source: Choi et al. (2014), p. 90.
Raw scores, source: Lee et al. (2015), p. 144.
Raw scores, source: Kim et al. (2016), p. 103.
T scores, source: Do et al. (2018), p. 115.
T scores, source: Kim et al. (2020), p. 143.
p<.05,
p<.01,
p<.001