Table 1 Characteristics of the Participant

Category Description
Age/Sex 5 years old, male
Disability-related characteristics Receiving special education services; formal diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) not yet confirmed; comprehensive diagnostic evaluation at a university hospital was in progress; ASD characteristics identified through clinical assessment
K-CARS 2 Total score: 30.5 (mild level of ASD characteristics)
SELSI Receptive language age: 25 months; Expressive language age: 24 months
PEP-R Developmental age: below 10-12 months across assessed domains; approximately 48-month developmental delay relative to chronological age
SMS Social Age (SA): 2.95 years; Social Quotient (SQ): 59
Communication and behavioral characteristics Low frequency of spontaneous vocal communication; stable tact repertoire for familiar objects and pictures; limited independent mand repertoire; frequent reliance on nonverbal requesting behaviors (e.g., pulling an adult’s hand or reaching for desired items).
* K-CARS2 (K-Childhood Autism Rating Scale Second Edition)
* SELSI (Sequenced Language Scale for Infants)
* PEP-R (Psychoeducational Profile - Revised)
* SMS (Social Maturity Scale)